Lower Saxony

Lower Saxony borders on the North Sea, the states of Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg, Map of Lower Saxony in GermanyMecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia, Hesse and North Rhine-Westphalia, and the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The state of Bremen forms two enclaves within Lower Saxony. Its lies in north-western Germany and is second  largest in area, with an area of 47,641 sq km (18,394 sq mi), and fourth largest in population with 7.97 million inhabitants, among the sixteen states of Germany. There are 167 inhabitants living in Lower Saxony per sq km. It is divided up into 38 districts and 8 urban districts. Its capital is Hanover.

Maps of Lower Saxony

Map of Lower Saxony

Rank Administrative districts Area Km2 Density Population GDP per capita GDP per Million PPP per capita PPP per Million
 1 Braunschweig 8100 202 1637739 26400 43454 25600 42173
 2 Hannover 9047 239 2162281 28000 60533 27200 58748
 3 Lüneburg 15508 110 1702778 20500 34866 19900 33838
 4 Weser-Ems 14986 165 2478734 24300 60076 23500 58304

 

Rank District/City Area Km2 Density Population GDP per capita GDP per Million PPP per capita PPP per Million
 1 Braunschweig, Kreisfreie Stadt 192 1277 245331 33100 8116 32100 7877
 2 Salzgitter, Kreisfreie Stadt 224 479 107203 34100 3660 33100 3552
 3 Wolfsburg, Kreisfreie Stadt 204 592 120829 71100 8592 69000 8339
 4 Gifhorn 1563 112 175190 14300 2511 13900 2437
 5 Göttingen 1117 234 261718 24100 6315 23400 6129
 6 Goslar 965 156 150556 22600 3398 21900 3297
 7 Helmstedt 674 144 97364 16000 1562 15600 1515
 8 Northeim 1267 115 146097 19200 2804 18600 2721
 9 Osterode am Harz 636 128 81472 29800 2427 28900 2356
 10 Peine 535 251 134420 16700 2247 16200 2181
 11 Wolfenbüttel 722 174 125932 14500 1821 14000 1767
 12 Diepholz 1988 108 215467 22200 4793 21600 4652
 13 Hameln-Pyrmont 796 200 159240 25700 4091 24900 3970
 14 Hildesheim 1206 241 290357 21400 6216 20800 6032
 15 Holzminden 692 112 77421 21800 1689 21200 1639
 16 Nienburg (Weser) 1399 90 125621 20600 2589 20000 2512
 17 Schaumburg 676 245 165319 18200 3017 17700 2928
 18 Region Hannover 2291 493 1128579 33800 38139 32800 37015
 19 Celle 1545 118 182167 20500 3731 19900 3621
 20 Cuxhaven 2073 99 204773 16100 3291 15600 3194
 21 Harburg 1245 195 242343 16300 3946 15800 3830
 22 Lüchow-Dannenberg 1220 42 51139 18500 946 18000 918
 23 Lüneburg, Landkreis 1323 133 175615 20500 3596 19900 3490
 24 Osterholz 651 173 112636 15500 1742 15000 1690
 25 Rotenburg (Wümme) 2070 80 164987 21700 3583 21100 3477
 26 Soltau-Fallingbostel 1873 76 142386 25200 3594 24500 3488
 27 Stade 1266 155 196863 27500 5411 26700 5251
 28 Uelzen 1454 66 96684 20300 1959 19700 1902
 29 Verden 788 170 133988 22900 3067 22200 2976
 30 Delmenhorst, Kreisfreie Stadt 62 1213 75666 21100 1593 20400 1546
 31 Emden, Kreisfreie Stadt 112 460 51749 38600 1997 37500 1938
 32 Oldenburg (Oldenburg), Kreisfreie Stadt 103 1542 158877 35900 5697 34800 5529
 33 Osnabrück, Kreisfreie Stadt 120 1364 163419 39100 6392 38000 6204
 34 Wilhelmshaven, Kreisfreie Stadt 107 778 83168 31100 2590 30200 2514
 35 Ammerland 728 160 116253 20600 2391 19900 2321
 36 Aurich 1287 148 190263 16800 3201 16300 3106
 37 Cloppenburg 1418 110 156013 22000 3434 21400 3333
 38 Emsland 2881 108 310903 26200 8136 25400 7896
 39 Friesland 608 167 101337 17600 1778 17000 1726
 40 Grafschaft Bentheim 997 137 136861 20200 2715 19600 2635
 41 Leer 1086 152 165181 19800 3275 19200 3178
 42 Oldenburg, Landkreis 1063 118 125871 17400 2195 16900 2130
 43 Osnabrück, Landkreis 2122 169 359399 20900 7504 20300 7283
 44 Vechta 812 163 132762 28200 3740 27300 3629
 45 Wesermarsch 822 114 93368 25700 2401 24900 2330
 46 Wittmund 657 88 57921 17900 1037 17400 1007

 

Lower Saxony PopulationThe population of Lower Saxony is 7,971,684 (2008), of which 4,060,139 is female and 3,911,545 is male, total population down 0.14 per cent over a year earlier. Lower Saxony Population AgeingThis was due to more deaths than births. In 2006, the birth rate was 8.2 per 1000 and death rate is 10.3 per 1000.  In 2008, 14.87 percent of the population under the age of 15, fell from 15.17 per cent over a previous year. The proportion of people aged 65 and over rose from 20 per cent to 20.3 per cent. Correspondingly, the median age (aged 15-64) of the population was 64.83 over the same period. The overall dependency ratio is 542 per 1000 in 2008. The Sex ratio of total population is 0.963 male(s)/female.

 



Lower Saxony is the 5th largest in both nominal GDP and GDP (PPP) among the Germany. Lower Saxony GDP : Services, Industries and AgricultureIts nominal GDP per capita is €24,900, it is ranked as the 8th largest economy by nominal GDP per capita in Germany, its GDP purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita is €24,200,  ranked 8th among the Germany. Total GDP of Lower Saxony is €199 billion, of which service sector contributes around 68.24%, industry 30.18%, and agriculture 1.58%. Its real annual growth rate is 2.4 in 2006, rose from 2.2 over a previous year. Its income of household was 19,875 Euros per inhabitant in 2006. The unemployment rate has recently decreased from 10.4% in 2005 to 7.9% in 2007.

Lower Saxony EducatiionRegarding to the state road network, in 2008 there were 28,267 km of roadways in Lower Saxony, including 1405 km of motorways. In 2007, about 4.58 million passenger cars (equal to 573 cars per 1,000 people) and 5.09 million road good vehicles circulated on the national road network. The state railway network, in 2008 totalled 4,276 km of which 2,039 km is electrified. The state inland waterways network comprised 1,708 km of navigable rivers and channells. In 2006 there were approximately 61 airports, carries 5.6 million passengers, up 1.40 per cent over a year earlier.

It contributes to the rapidly increasing tourism sector, with around 7.5 million tourists arrivals in 2008. In 2007, 1.67 millions pupils and students, 21% of the total population, are in the education system. Of which, percentage of enrollment student are in, 14% pre-primary, 22% primary, 33%  lower secondary, 17% higher secondary, 3% post secondary and 11% tertiary.

Chart of Administrative districts :  GDP Contribution

Braunschweig GDP Contribution

Hannover GDP Contribution

Luneburg GDP Contribution

Weser-Ems GDP Contribution